What is hicksite quakers?

Hicksite Quakers are a group of Quakers who separated from the mainstream Friends, also known as Orthodox Quakers, in the United States in the 19th century. The division occurred in 1827 when Elias Hicks, a prominent Quaker minister, began to preach controversial beliefs that challenged traditional Quaker teachings, particularly regarding the nature of Christ and the authority of the Bible.

Hicks argued that the inner light, which Quakers believe everyone possesses as a direct revelation from God, is the true source of spiritual authority, rather than any external religious text or creed. He also rejected the doctrine of the Trinity and the belief in the divinity of Christ.

The Hicksites emphasized the values of individual freedom, social justice, and equality, and were often involved in social and political activism, including the abolition of slavery and women's suffrage. They also believed in the importance of education and established several colleges, including Swarthmore College.

Despite their differences with the Orthodox Quakers, the Hicksites maintained many of the Quaker practices and traditions, such as silent worship, simplicity, and pacifism. Today, the Hicksite Quakers are a small and largely unknown branch of the Religious Society of Friends, with most Quakers in the United States belonging to the Orthodox or liberal branches.